Sri Lanka's key international donors have urged Tamil Tiger rebels to disarm and discuss ending hostilities in order to avoid more civilian casualties.
The US, EU, Japan and Norway said it would probably not be long before the rebels lost all territory they control.
Both sides "should recognise that further loss of life... will serve no cause", the nations said.
Sri Lanka's government says it is close to defeating the rebels. There was no immediate response from the Tigers.
Up to 250,000 civilians may be trapped by the fighting.
Separately, the army says it has found an underground bunker complex it believes was one of the hideouts of the top leader of the Tamil Tigers.
'Sovereignty'
Norway, Japan, the US and the EU are described as the Tokyo Co-Chairs. They sat at the Tokyo Conference on Reconstruction and Development of Sri Lanka in 2003, which raised $4.5bn in aid pledges that were linked to progress in the peace process. 
The BBC's Ethirajan Anbarasan in Colombo says this is the first time the influential quartet has issued such an appeal to the Tamil Tigers.
It is also the first international acknowledgement that the rebels may be near to defeat.
In a joint statement, the quartet expressed "great concern" for the plight of civilians.
 | INSURGENCY TIMELINE 1976: Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam form in the north-east 1987: India deploys peace-keepers to Tamil areas but they leave in 1990 1993: President Premadasa killed by Tiger bomb 2001: Attack on airport destroys half Sri Lankan Airlines fleet 2002: Government and rebels agree ceasefire 2005: Mahinda Rajapaksa becomes president 2006: Heavy fighting resumes 2009: Army takes main rebel bases of Kilinochchi and Mullaitivu  |
They urged the rebels to "discuss with the government of Sri Lanka the modalities for ending hostilities, including the laying down of arms, renunciation of violence, acceptance of the government of Sri Lanka's offer of amnesty; and participating as a political party in a process to achieve a just and lasting political solution".
The nations also urged both sides to "declare a temporary no-fire period to allow for evacuation of sick and wounded, and provision of aid to civilians".
The Sri Lankan government has previously ruled out any ceasefire and has vowed to crush the rebels.
The Tigers have said they will not lay down their arms until they have a "guarantee of living with freedom and dignity and sovereignty".
The Tokyo Co-Chairs said both sides "must respect international humanitarian law". They said they would help transfer internally displaced people to humanitarian camps.
The statement called on all combatants not to fire on a hospital in Tiger-held territory which has been shelled repeatedly.
The Red Cross says the hospital in Puthukkudiyiruppu town in Mullaitivu district has been hit five times in the past few days, leaving at least 12 civilians dead. One strike was on a paediatric ward, it said.
The hospital is one of the last functioning health facilities in the area.
The government says it is not responsible for the attacks and has told civilians to leave the war zone. Pro-rebel websites blame the army.
Bunker
Sri Lanka's military said there was no sign of the rebel leader Velupillai Prabhakaran in the bunker found in the north-east.
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